LL-37 5 mg

INFORMATION:

- The product (substance) is not a food or dietary supplement, not suitable for human consumption.
- Keep out of the reach of children.
- Keep the container tightly closed.
- Store in a dry, cool, shaded place; protect from moisture.
- Store only in the original container.
- Avoid contact during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Consult a physician in case of ill health or adverse reactions related to contact.


LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide and belongs to the cathelicidin family of AMPs. It is released as a mature peptide when neutrophils are stimulated. LL-37 is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues, such as circulating neutrophils, bone marrow cells, skin epithelial cells, gastrointestinal cells, and epididymal and lung cells. LL-37 production in macrophages is stimulated by vitamin D released by sunlight through the skin. LL-37 plays an important role in the first line of defense against infection and systemic invasion by pathogens at sites of inflammation and wounds. It is toxic to both bacterial and normal cells and is highly resistant to proteolytic degradation.It has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against many human pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can potentially serve as an alternative to antibiotics. AMP peptides kill microbial pathogens and regulate bacteria/viruses. Studies show that AMPs can be used to activate the innate immune response of the mucosa to get rid of infections. (Mucosal refers to the immune response of the mucous membranes of the intestines, genitourinary tract and respiratory system, i.e. surfaces that come into contact with the external environment) such as the skin and thus acne.

It turns out that peptides such as LL-37 play an important role in reversing macrophage activation. The presence of LL-37 transforms anti-inflammatory macrophages into pro-inflammatory macrophages. LL-37's ability to inhibit biofilm formation is another promising feature for the treatment of wounds chronically infected by S. aureus (the bacterium responsible for pneumonia) and P. aeruginosa (the bacterium responsible for cystic fibrosis - which we most often contract in the hospital). Its antibiofilm properties help expose and remove the underlying bacteria. The peptide's interaction with keratinocytes and fibroblasts also promotes wound closure.