TB-4 FRAG+BPC-157 ARG 700 mcg, 30 capsules

INFORMATION:

• The product (substance) is not a food or dietary supplement, and is not suitable for human consumption.
• Keep out of the reach of children.
• Keep the container tightly closed.
• Store in a dry, cool, shaded place; protect from moisture.
• Store only in the original container.
• Avoid contact during pregnancy and lactation.
• Consult a physician if you feel unwell or have adverse reactions related to contact with the substance.

Thymosin beta 4 is a natural human protein. It consists of 43 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 4291 g/mol. It is capable of binding to actin proteins and is considered the main actin sequestering protein in most cells. Therefore, it plays a very important role in the polymerization of actin filaments, which are important for cell structure, cell mobility and extracellular matrix function. There is speculation, though no concrete evidence at present, suggesting that Thymosin beta 4 binds to extracellular receptors in the fluids surrounding cells, mediating some of its effects.

Like many naturally occurring proteins, Thymosin Beta 4 has a very long peptide sequence, so it should only be administered subcutaneously. It is not bioavailable after oral or intranasal administration. The researchers found that the active domain of thymosin beta 3, a region containing only 7 amino acids (LKKTETQ), retains most of the effects of the larger protein when it comes to cell migration, actin polymerization and wound healing. This fragmented section is called the TB500 fragment. Because the TB500 fragment is much smaller than its parent molecule, it is more easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and then by cells. This increased bioavailability after oral administration makes the TB500 fragment easier to administer than the 43-amino acid Thymosin Beta 4 and contributes to the fragment's efficacy.

The TB500 fragment can be broken down from 7 amino acids to just four (Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro) to produce a peptide that retains many of the properties of the larger peptide. Ac-SDKP was found to occur naturally and is broken down under the influence of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) activity. This may be the reason why ACE inhibitors help prevent scarring and cardiac remodeling, as Ac-SDKP is an anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory peptide known to promote blood vessel growth, reduce inflammation and reduce scarring after injury.

Molecular formula: C20H33N5O9

Molecular weight: 487.5 g/mol

PubChem identification number: 65938

1 Ac-SDKP has immunomodulatory effects, but is of interest primarily for its angiogenic properties. Studies show that Ac-SDKP, sometimes called goralatide, is a potent stimulator of blood vessel growth and can therefore benefit wound healing, cognitive health, nerve growth and heart health. Research on this peptide is currently somewhat limited, but is progressing rapidly. There is now good evidence indicating that Ac-SDKP can reduce bone marrow damage caused by chemotherapy

2 Of particular interest is the ability of thymosin beta-4 and TB-500 to slow or even reverse the effects of cognitive diseases. Studies show that these peptides help improve the process of autophagy, which is one of several mechanisms used by the body to remove metabolic products and accumulated pollutants. Studies show that increased autophagy in the brains of Alzheimer's disease models leads to increased cholinergic signaling, thereby reducing some of the cognitive effects of the disease.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30552633/

3 Studies in rats show that these peptides stimulate nervous system tissue to remodel after injury. In particular, both thymosin beta-4 and TB-500 appear to activate cells that support neurons and keep them healthy. This leads to improved blood vessel growth in the brain, as well as increased neuronal growth. In animal models of stroke, administration of thymosin beta-4 leads to improvements in behavior, motor control and cognitive function.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23739235/

4 Studies show that the use of thymosin beta-4 hydrogels during cardiac repair procedures (e.g., bypass surgery, stent implantation) increases blood vessel growth and endothelial and epicardial cell migration. This leads to an increased recovery rate from ischemia and reduces the risk of long-term complications

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29710844/

In addition, studies indicate thatThymosin beta-4, but not TB-500, may promote cell survival when administered in emergency or urgent cardiovascular situations. Only Thymosin beta-4 has the latter effect, as the Ac-SDKP component of the peptide is required. Overall, however, studies support the view that these peptides can preserve cardiovascular function if given in a timely manner during or immediately after an ischemic event, such as a myocardial infarction.

5 One interesting property of TB-500 and thymosin beta-4 is that they can work in combination with antibiotics to help treat infections. This is a very important finding in the context of the increasing resistance of many bacteria to currently available antibiotics. Studies on mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a particularly problematic pathogen, have shown that combining thymosin beta-4 with ciprofloxacin increases the effectiveness of the antibiotic, improving healing, reducing inflammation and speeding recovery.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6210523/

6 Researchers accidentally discovered that mice with a genetic deficiency of thymosin beta-4 grow hair much more slowly than those without it. Giving them thymosin beta-4 restores the rate of hair growth, and giving them to normal mice accelerates hair growth. Research in this area is limited, so the mechanism of action of this increased growth is not fully understood. However, this may be one application where TB-500 could shine, as topical application of the smaller molecule is likely to lead to more efficient absorption. For now, however, it is clear that Thymosin beta-4 has a huge impact on hair growth.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17947589/

TB-500 and Thymosin beta -4 are similar in many respects, as TB-500 is a synthetic derivative of Thymosin beta-4. However, the latter is considered more effective because it contains an additional active domain that enhances its function. Thus, thymosin beta-4 can be thought of as eliciting the same reactions as TB-500, but to a much greater extent. For this reason, the two terms are often used interchangeably, even though they do not refer to exactly the same molecule. Many companies try to avoid Internet search problems by simply referring to TB-500 and thymosin beta-4 as if they were the same thing. For researchers who want to be sure they have one peptide over the other, it is always necessary to check the amino acid sequence. If the peptide is more than seven amino acids long, it is likely to be thymosin beta-4, which is 43 amino acids long.